Diabetic nephropathy with inflammatory indicators [IL-1B, IL-6, IL-8, CRP]

cytokines production is associated with diabetes mellitus and in its turn is associated with infiltration of the islets of Langerhans with autoreactive lymphocytes and specific destruction of the insulin-producing B cells. Our aim is therefore to investigate the effect potential role of the effect of the cytokine especially [interleukin-lB, interleukin-6, interleukin-8] and C-reactive protein [C.R.P.] on the microvascular complications of diabetes [nephropathy]. A total of 31 diabetic patients with nephropathy aged 45 to 60 years, undergoing dialysis were compared with non-diabetic control subjects [N=20] after matching for age and sex, and were compared also with diabetic subjects without nephropathy [N=124]. Immune parameters were analyzed in serum with rigidly evaluated ELISA. Serum proinflammatory interleukin-6 [IL-6] and interleukin-8 [IL-8] concentrations were higher in nephropathy diabetic patients than in the control subjects [Mean for IL-6 in nephropathy and control subjects 6.9 Pg/ml, 1.2 Pg/ml respectively P

Association of proinsulin and insulin resistance with coronary artery disease in non-diabetic men

Recently, Nichalas Hales et al, have demonstrated that elevation of proinsulin levels predict morbidity and mortality with coronary artery disease in age above 27 years. Researchers found that an elevated level of proinsulin, but not insulin, was associated with about a two-fold increased risk of heart disease in nondiabetic men and women. Epidemiological studies have identified hyperproinsulinemia as an independent risk factor for the coronary artery disease [CAD]. In present study we evaluated the association of plasma proinsulin and insulin resistance [IR] with coronary artery disease [CAD] in non-diabetic subjects. Subjects: In this case control study, 41 Normrglycemia men with Angiographic evidence of CAD were compared with 41 control men matched for age and glycemia and with no history or evidence of cardiac diseases. Estimations of plasma glucose, lipids, fasting plasma specific insulin [SI] and proinsulin [PI] were performed. Insulin Resistance [IR] was calculated by the homeostasis model assessment [HOMA] method. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to test the association of the variables with the prevalence of CAD. Subjects with CAD had a higher body mass index [BMI] [25.4 +/- 4.3 vs. 22.9 +/- 3.2 kg/m2, P = 0.002] and a lower high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol level [17.5-21 Vs 19.8-23.4 mg/dl, P = 0.002]. They also had higher mean SI values [107.5 vs. 62.3 pmol/l, P = 0.002], P1 values [19.3 vs. 5.7 pmo, P < 0.0001], P1/SI ratios [21.4 vs. 10.3, P <0.00001] and HOMA IR [4.2 vs. 2.4, P = 0.004] compared with non-CAD subjects. These variables were associated with CAD in the unadjusted multiple regression analysis. In the multiple regression with the forward entry of the variables, P1 only showed independent association with CAD. Conclusions: Subjects with CAD had higher levels of obesity. CAD showed an association with low HDL cholesterol, circulating P P1/SI ratios and IR. So, Increased levels of proinsulin may predict an increased likelihood of coronary heart disease in men. Our finding suggests that proinsulin are useful for diagnosis of CAD in men. But this subject needs more researches

Studying the reactive hypoglycemia in diabetic's relatives

The aim of the study was to detect and evaluate the incidence rate of reactive hypoglycemia between the first-degree relatives of diabetics. The study was carried out on 46 persons. 23 persons were from families who have a history of diabetes type NIDDM [father, mother, brother, sister]; this was the relative group. The other 23 persons were from families who have not a history of diabetes. [This was the normal group]. The oral glucose tolerance test for 4 hours was carried out on both groups. Fasting blood samples and after 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 hours were withdrawn. Glucose and insulin were assayed in these samples. Reactive hypoglycemia was noticed in 10 persons from relative group and in 5 persons from normal group. The glucose level was less than 67 mg/dl accompanied with hypoglycemic symptoms. By using statistical analysis, it was found that there was not any significant difference in glucose levels except for the samples of the third hours. The level of glucose was less in the relative group compared with the normal group, P=0.05, the glucose level was Less [Nadir], P=O.02 in relative group. The insulin levels were always high and there was not any significant difference. It was found that there was not any relation between the incidence of hypoglycemia and the degree of relation

[Using of C-peptide assay in differential diagnosis of diabetic]

To compare fasting C-Peptide [CP] levels as an indicator of beta-cell of the pancreas secretion among different groups of diabetic patients, and to define a cut-off value which may be useful to the proper classification and treatment. 225 type II, 62 secondary failure [SF], and 52 type I patients. Age, BMI, and duration of diabetes were recorded for all patients who had their fasting glucose, creatinine, and CP checked; while fasting insulin was measured only in type II patients. A significant decrease of fasting CP was recorded in SF and typeI compared to type I patients. The value 1.2 ng/lml [0.4 nmo] was highly sensitive in differentiating patients, and may be used when determining treatment protocols. In addition there was an important increase in fasting glucose in SF compared to type II patients that may reflex the importance of endogenous secretion to control HGP [hepatic glucose productin] and the necessity of combined therapy to treat SF patients